Yeast infection is one of the most common fungal infection types widely known for affecting both men and women. The cause behind yeast infection is the excess growth of the Candida fungus, which is normally present in the human body in a limited amount. Among all the types of yeast infection, vaginal yeast infection is frequently faced by women.
What is a vaginal yeast infection?
A vaginal yeast infection affects the vulva and the vagina. An overgrowth in the Candida fungus, generally found in the vagina in small amounts, leads to vaginal yeast infection. Such infections are not usually serious, but they can drive the individual to utmost discomfort and even make daily activities impossible. There can be several reasons behind their occurrence, such as intake of antibiotics, hormonal changes, and specific health conditions such as diabetes or a weakened immune system.
Top 5 symptoms of vaginal yeast infection
The five most notable vaginal yeast infection symptoms are:
• Vaginal itching
Itching around the vulva and the vagina is the most common symptom of a vaginal yeast infection. The itching is quite unusual and becomes unbearable if proper treatments are not done on time.
• Burning sensation
Another common symptom is a burning sensation during urination or engaging in sexual intercourse. If you witness such symptoms, you must contact a healthcare professional as early as possible.
• Abnormal discharge
Unusual discharge during yeast infection is quite a common scenario. Therefore, if you find a thick, white, and odourless discharge resembling cottage cheese, it might symbolise vaginal yeast infection.
• Redness and swelling
Along with all the other symptoms, you might also witness that the surrounding area concerning the vagina has become swollen and appears red. This typically happens due to inflammation caused by the infection.
• Soreness
The area surrounding the vagina may also become tender and sore due to the infection, another potential symptom of vaginal yeast infection.
Top 5 causes of yeast infection in women
While reading this, a common question might arise: What causes a yeast infection? Although there can be various reasons behind experiencing a yeast infection, the top 5 causes are as follows:
• Candida overgrowth
One of the most frequent causes of yeast infection in women is the overgrowth of the Candida fungus, which is normally present in a limited amount inside the vagina.
• Antibiotics
Intake of certain antibiotics can also be responsible for a yeast infection. The antibiotics can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria in the vagina, allowing the Candida fungus to overgrow and cause an infection.
• Hormonal changes
Hormonal changes are quite common to all individuals during different life phases. Specifically, in the case of women, changes in hormone levels due to pregnancy, menstruation, or menopause can create an environment conducive to yeast overgrowth.
• Diabetes
The high blood sugar levels in the body can promote the overgrowth of yeast inside the body. Therefore, women with diabetes or higher blood sugar levels are more prone to yeast infection.
• Weakened immune system
Women with weakened immune systems due to any illness or medications are at a higher danger of developing yeast infections as their bodies may not be able to fight off the Candida fungus effectively.
Other factors contributing to yeast infection in women include wearing tight clothing, using scented hygiene products, and engaging in sexual activity with a yeast-infection partner. It is important to see a healthcare professional for proper treatment if symptoms of yeast infections are suspected.
Treatments for yeast infections
The treatment of yeast infection typically depends on the affected area and the severity of the infection. Some of the most common treatment options for yeast infection are as follows:
1. Over-the-counter antifungal medication
Numerous antifungal medications are available in the market in creams, ointments, tablets, and suppositories that can be applied topically or taken orally. The right intake of such medicines would kill the Candida fungus and gradually relieve the discomfort caused due to yeast infection.
2. Prescription medications
Prescription-strength antifungal medications may be needed for persistent or severe yeast infections to ensure the right treatment.
3. Home remedies
Certain home remedies also offer a potential means of treatment for yeast infections. The most common remedies are coconut oil, probiotics, or tea tree oil. However, it is important to note that home remedies may not be as effective as conventional treatments and should be used cautiously.
4. Lifestyle changes
To prevent future yeast infections, it is important to maintain good hygiene, avoid tight-fitting clothing, avoid scented products in the genital area, and maintain a healthy diet and consistent sleep schedules.
Prevention of yeast infection
Here’s a list of do’s and don’ts to prevent a yeast infection:
Do’s:
● Practice good personal hygiene. Clean the private parts with mild soap and water daily.
● Wear clothes made of breathable material that is loose-fitting.
● Consider changing workout clothes and swimsuits as early as possible after the activity.
● Use unscented hygiene products, such as tampons and pads.
● Use a condom during sexual intercourse to help prevent the spread of yeast infections.
Don’ts:
● Avoid using douches or feminine sprays, which can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria in the vagina and pose the risk of yeast infections.
● Refrain from wearing tight clothing, such as skinny jeans or leggings, for prolonged periods.
● Disregard using scented soaps, bubble baths, or other scented products in the genital area.
● Avoid antibiotics unless prescribed by a healthcare provider, as they can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria in the vagina and increase the risk of yeast infections.
● Never engage in sexual activity with a partner who has a yeast infection.
Conclusion
Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular exercise, can help prevent yeast infections by strengthening immunity. If you frequently have yeast infections, discuss with your healthcare professional additional preventive measures that may be appropriate for you.
FAQs Related to Yeast infection
1. How common are vaginal yeast infections?
Vaginal yeast infections are quite common, affecting up to 75% of women at some point. They are most common for women of reproductive age but can occur in women of any age. Some women may experience recurrent yeast infections, having four or more infections yearly. If you suspect the symptoms of yeast infection, consult a healthcare professional and start the medication immediately.
2. Why do yeast infections happen?
Yeast infections cause an overgrowth of the Candida fungus, which is normally present in small amounts in the body, including the vagina. When the body’s balance of bacteria and yeast is disrupted, such as due to antibiotics, hormonal changes, or a weakened immune system, the Candida fungus can overgrow and cause an infection. Other factors can be:
● Wearing tight clothing.
● Using scented hygiene products.
● Engaging in sexual activity with a partner who has a yeast infection.
While yeast infections are not considered serious, they can cause significant discomfort.
3. Can I use over-the-counter treatment for yeast infection?
Yes, over-the-counter treatments for yeast infections are available and can be effective for many people. Antifungal medications, such as creams, lotions, medicines, and suppositories, can be purchased without a prescription and are often the first-line treatment for uncomplicated yeast infections. These medications work by killing the Candida fungus that causes the infection. However, it is essential to note that some strains of Candida may be resistant to certain types of antifungal medications. Sometimes, prescription-strength antifungal medications may be needed to treat a more severe or persistent infection.
4. How long do yeast infections last?
The duration of a yeast infection can vary depending on the seriousness of the yeast infection and the effectiveness of the treatment. In most cases, mild yeast infections can be treated with over-the-counter antifungal medications, typically taking 3 to 7 days to resolve the infection fully. More serious infections may require longer treatment, up to 14 days or more. It is crucial to complete the full course of treatment, even if symptoms improve before the medication is completed. Through this, one can make sure that the infection has been fully cured. If symptoms persist or recur after treatment, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional to rule out other possible causes or to adjust the treatment plan accordingly.
This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. The information contained herein is not a substitute for and should never be relied upon for professional medical advice. Book a consultation with Ova Singapore’s medical team to learn more about reproductive healthcare treatments here.