When it comes to sexual health, there are a lot of common misconceptions about the difference between sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). To clear up the confusion, it’s important to understand what really separates an STI from an STD, and how both can be prevented.
In this article, we’ll explain the difference between STIs and STDs so you can have accurate knowledge about your sexual health.
What is an STI?
Infections that are transmitted through sexual contact are called sexually transmitted infections (STIs). They can be bacterial, viral, or caused by parasites and fungi. Having an STI puts you at risk for other health problems, including infertility and even death.
Commonly known STIs include HIV/AIDS, chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis, herpes simplex virus (HSV), human papillomavirus (HPV), trichomoniasis, and pubic lice.
What is an STD?
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are infections that can be passed from one person to another through sexual contact. STDs have been around since ancient times and remain a major health issue globally. There are many different types of STDs, including chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis, trichomoniasis, human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), HIV/AIDS, and others.
Common symptoms of STD and STI:
Painful or burning urination:
This is a common symptom of several STIs, including chlamydia, gonorrhoea, and herpes.
Abnormal discharge:
Many STIs can cause unusual discharge from the genitals. This may be thick, cloudy, yellow, green, or bloody, and it may have a foul odour. Itching, burning, or irritation may also be present.
Sores or lesions:
Some STIs, such as herpes, syphilis, and chancroid, can cause painful sores or lesions on or around the genitals, anus, or mouth.
Pelvic pain:
Pelvic pain or discomfort may be a symptom of STIs such as chlamydia, gonorrhoea, or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). This may be a dull ache or a sharp, stabbing pain.
Rash:
Certain STIs, such as syphilis and HIV, can cause a rash on the skin. This may be red, blotchy, or bumpy, and it may be accompanied by fever, headache, or other symptoms.
Flu-like symptoms:
Some people with STIs may experience flu-like symptoms such as fever, fatigue, headache, and muscle aches. This may be a sign of a more serious infection, such as HIV or hepatitis.
STI vs STD
The main difference between STI and STD is that an STI is an infection that can be transmitted through sexual contact without causing symptoms, while an STD is an infection that is transmitted through sexual contact and causes symptoms or medical complications. Both STIs and STDs can be prevented through safe sex practices, such as using condoms and getting tested regularly.
If you suspect you may have an STI or STD, it’s important to seek medical attention to get tested and receive appropriate treatment.
Conclusion
STIs and STDs are both serious health issues that need to be addressed. They can often cause similar symptoms and may require the same treatments, but they differ in terms of transmission and treatment options. Knowing the difference between STIs and STDs is important for understanding how to protect yourself against either condition.
Taking preventative measures such as using condoms or limiting sexual partners can help reduce your risk of contracting an STI or STD. If you’re worried about getting either of these conditions, it’s best to speak with a doctor or healthcare provider who can give you advice on what steps to take next.
FAQs
Q1. Is chlamydia a STI or STD?
A. Chlamydia is a sexually transmitted infection (STI). It is caused by bacteria called Chlamydia trachomatis, and it can be easily passed from one person to another during sexual contact. Chlamydia can affect both men and women, although women face a greater risk of long-term complications if the infection is not treated.
Q2. Is STD or STI more accurate?
A. STI is the most accurate term to use. STD stands for sexually transmitted disease, while STI stands for sexually transmitted infection. STIs are infections that may not have any symptoms but can still be spread between two people during sexual contact.
This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. The information contained herein is not a substitute for and should never be relied upon for professional medical advice. Book a consultation with Ova Singapore’s medical team to learn more about reproductive healthcare treatments here.